Plans & Policies - NDC Overview / NDC Align

Plans & Policies

Few countries’ NDCs will contain sufficient detail to allow for immediate implementation at the policy level. Increasingly, experts are recommending that countries adopt sectoral plans to support implementation (Manning et al, 2025), as well as introducing specific sectoral laws and policies. In addition, countries may benefit from introducing cross-cutting policy measures that have been well studied in the literature.

Wide coverage, but early stages of implementation and uneven integration across sectors.

  • There is evidence that Brazil has already started to develop both the economy-wide climate action plans and the sectoral climate action plans, which are required under Resolution 3/2023 to form part of the overarching Climate Plan, and are referenced in the NDC.  Sectoral plans for both mitigation and adaptation are under development, but progress on sectoral adaptation plans is more advanced, with the plans already under consultation in April 2025.
  • For some sectors, the new plans will build on existing plans and associated policies established for previous periods and created to implement the 2009 National Policy on Climate Change.
  • Brazil has also recently implemented cross sectoral policies, including the Brazilian Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading System (SBCE), which operates across all industrial sectors, but excludes the agricultural and land-use sectors. An earlier 2017 policy established a system of emissions trading related to biofuels.
  • Brazil has no substantive supply side policies explicitly targeted at phasing out the production of fossil fuels.
     

  • Action Taken

  • Partial Action Taken

  • Work in Progress

  • No evidence found

Plans & Policies